Groups like the Defense Intelligence Agency, the pinnacle of military intelligence in the United States, are best known for analyzing opposing military forces. The "bean counting" of other military can be world changing, such as Winston Churchill's investigations into Nazi Germany's military buildup.
However, the Defense Intelligence Agency realizes that greater geographic factors drive the foundations of cultures and can be a great advanced warning for future threats. Watch the first half of this promotional video and see what the Defense Intelligence Agency thinks the main things to look out for are.
Interestingly, the head of the Defense Intelligence Agency, Lieutenant General Michael Flynn, promoted cultural geography in understanding and defeating the Taliban in Afghanistan. (Hat tip: Z-Geographer)